Conclusion

    In order for a Chi-square test to be valid, each box in the table must have a value greater than or equal to five. We were presses for time and did not collect enough data to reach any solid statistical conclusions. If we were to repeat the experiment, we would take more data and orient the camera above the peak of the trajectory so that the upward facing side would be more evident.

       One aspect that made the interpretation of the data we collected difficult was the manner in which the pennies rotated. We initially thought that the pennies would only rotate only in a forward flipping motion; however, from examining our photographs we soon realized that the pennies were rotating around multiple axes. This sometimes made it difficult to determine the upward facing side. Orienting the camera above the peak of the trajectory might abate this problem. One reason the pennies may have flipped irregularly was because the nail polish on the tails side may have added weight to that side, disturbing the center of mass of the penny.