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1. Refraction is called a boundary behavior and it is the (1 word) of the path of a light wave as it passes from one material to another material. The refraction occurs at the (1 word).

2. A ray is drawn (1 word) to the wave fronts and represents the direction which the light wave is traveling.

3.  There is a distinct cause-effect relationship when light refracts at a boundary; the (3 words) is the cause and the (3 words) (refraction) is the effect. The speed of a light wave depends upon the optical density of that material. The more optically dense a material is, the  (1 word) a wave will move through the material.

4. One indicator of the optical density of a material is the (3 words). The index of refraction value of a material is a number which indicates the number of times slower that a light wave would be in that material than it is in a vacuum.

When the index of refraction value increases, the optical density (1 word), and the speed of light in that material (1 word).

.5. a) Light Traveling from a Fast to a Slow Medium (FST): If a ray of light passes across the boundary from a material in which it travels fast into a material in which travels slower, then the light ray will bend (1 word) the normal line.

b) Light Traveling from a Slow to a Fast Medium (SFA): If a ray of light passes across the boundary from a material in which it travels slow into a material in which travels faster, then the light ray will bend (1 word) from the normal line.

6. The Least Time Principle explains the change in direction of light bending when crossing a boundary between two media: 

a) Of all the possible paths that light might take to get from one point to another, it always takes the path that requires the (1 word) amount of time.

b) The guard can run faster on (1 word) than in (1 word), thus it would make sense that the guard cover more distance in the (1 word) than in the (1 word).

7. Using the Least Time Principle the direction of bending can be predicted when light crosses the boundary between 2 different media.

a) FST = Fast to Slow, (1 word) Normal

b) SFA = Slow to Fast, (2 words) Normal

8. There is only one condition in which light can pass the boundary of two different media, change its speed, and still NOT refract. This occurs when the ray of light approaching the boundary travels   (3 words).

9. In the quiet waters of the Orient the Archer fish will search for prey that is resting upon a branch or twig above the water. With pinpoint accuracy, the fish knocks the prey off the branch using a powerful jet of water. The prey falls to the water as the Archer fish simultaneously swims directly to the location on the surface where the prey strikes the water.

How is it able to overcome the visual distortion caused by refraction in order to accomplish these remarkable hunting tasks?

(1 phrase)

10. The relationship between the (5 words) and the (3 words) of the two medium is known as Snell's Law.

11. Suppose that a laser beam is directed towards the flat side of a hemi-cylindrical dish filled with water. A plot of the sine of the angle of incidence vs. the sine of the angle of refraction indicates a linear relationship between this important angles;

The value of the graph slope is (value number) which represents in fact the  (2 words) value of water.